Renaissance and Reformation

conversion and renewal Test Humanism- Classical texts from the classical and papistical culture lead to humanism. Humanism steeringed on human potential and achievements. people stopped worrying well-nigh Christian doctrines. Influenced artists and architects. History, Literature, and Philosophy are humanities outlets. Secular- muckle became touch on with the here and now Predestination- C everyings go for/doctrine Institutes of the Christian morality states that everyone is felonious by nature and divinity fudge has cognise from the antecedent who he will save. Council of Trend- pontiff Paul Ill 4th measuring rod toward reform was to call a enceinte council of hurt leaders to Trend.Catholic Bishops and Cardinals agreed on several doctrines 1) perform learnation of the watchword was final anyone who substituted there ideas was a heretic 2) Christians need faith and good work for salvation 3) The sacred scripture and church building service traditions were both(prenominal) as springful for guidance 4)luncheons were logical expressions of faith Annul- Divorce was not allowed save the pope could annul the mirage which meaner to find test copy that the mirage was neer legal in the early place Re gouget-to betroth back a statement you make ab kayoed something Indulgence- you pay up silver for an indulgence and it will take a stylus our sin Patron-popes who beautified the cities by expenditure large amounts of money 95 thesis- Luther wrote 95 theses that he thought the church should alteration which lead to reformation- a movement for phantasmal reform. His teaching had 3 main ideas 1) citizenry could win salvation by besides with faith in god, the church taught that faith and good workers were needed for salvation 2) on the whole church teachings should be based on the bible.The pope and church traditions were false g everyplacenment 3) All people with faith were capable therefore people didnt need priests to interpret the bible for them parliamentary law of Worms- magnate Charles tell Luther of an outlaw and heretic, no one was vatical to give him food or cling to and his books were to be burned. However Prince Frederick gave him shelter in a castle and people began to appraise his sayings priests wore regular clothes and called themselves misters, led aid in German not Latin and some ministers married, which created a new ghost uniform group called the Lutheran instead of quest reforms against the Catholic church building.Protestant- A Christian who is not Catholic Peace of Suburbs- German princes clear-cut if there state would be Catholic or rottenest Act of Supremacy- English coiffure of Parliament that recognized enthalpy viii as the Supreme Head of the church service of England not the pope Anabaptist- Believed that people shouldnt be baptized into the Christian faith as children because they were not old enough to break up if they wanted to be Christian taught that the church and the state should be separate, and they refused to fight wars.Viewing Anabaptists as radicals who threatened society both Catholics and Protestants persecuted them Peasants Revolt-peasants were frantic by Lathers revolutionary ideas and demanded an end to serfdom. The fight off horrified Luther so Luther wrote a pathway urging the German Princes to show no mercy, the army crushed the revolt massacring over 100,000 people. Feeling betrayed by Luther many peasants rejected his religious leadership.However by dint of his writings he reposeed influential People Igniting of Loyola- Catholic reformer, wrote the livelinessual Exercises that laid out a sidereal day by day plan of meditation, prayer, and study. The pope made Igniting a religious station called the Society of Jesus Members were called Jesuits- concentrated on 3 ideas 1) Founded schools throughout Europe. 2) Convert non-Christians toCatholicism 2) verification Protestantism from short-circuiting Johann Gutenberg- Reinvented movable type and the picture press- machine that presses paper against a tray plentiful of inked movable type created the first absolute bible called the Gutenberg Bible Johann Tested- Was raising money to rebuild SST. Pewters Cathedral in Rome, he did this by selling indulgences, he gave the depressive disorder that by buying indulgences you could buy your way to heaven Martin Luther Against Tested for selling indulgences Wrote 95 thesis attac tycoon Pardon Merchants Believed you can only win salvation through faith and forgiveness of GodExcommunicated by pope Leo X Charles V issued the Edict of Worms declaring Luther as a heretic, plainly Prince Frederick provide him in a castle Translated the parvenu Testament to German Lutheran were his chase John Calvin Wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion which expressed ideas about God, salvation, and human nature Called the a couple of(prenominal) people that God chooses to save the pick God has kn have since the beginning of season who will be saved-predestination Calvinist control geneva, Switzerland with theocracy (government ruled by religious leaders) Geneva was a city of high honourable because of how strict he wasHenry 7I wed to Catherine of Argon and has a daughter named bloody shame more thanover wants a break so he can have a son to be the successor to the mickle Pope refused to annul his marriage so he called together a school term with the reformation Parliament and asked to pass a set of laws that ended the popes power in England Act of Supremacy made the king the head of the perform of England, not the pope Closed monasteries and increased total power Anne had a daughter named Elizabeth so he imprisoned her in a rear and beheaded her 3rd wife gave him his son, Edward ErasmusChristian humanist from Holland who wrote The Praise of Folly which made fun of greedy merchants, heartsick lovers, argumentative scholars, and pompous priests Believes in Christianity of the heart Wrote in Latin In order to reform society, all people should study the Bible Catherine of Argon- Married to Henry VII never had a boy so Henry wanted to annul the marriage at first the pope verbalise no because she did not want to offend the consecrated Roman Empire Charles V but later after Henry VII put in the Act of Supremacy- make the English King the head of church not the pope the marriage was annulled Pope Leo X- excommunicated Luther after 95 thesis Artists Donated- Made sculptures more realistic by carving natural postures and expressions carved the statue David da Vinci De Vinci- Artistic scientist, painted Mona Lisa and The Last Supper, A True metempsychosis Man Raphael- acquire from Leonardo De Vinci and Michelangelo, calico the walls of Julius II Library, Painted School of Athens, conveys the classical literature of the metempsychosis and shows classical and metempsychosis figures together Michelangelo- forge David second, glorified the human body and exp lored spiritual rebirth theme of human potential, minted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, scientific artist, true Renaissance man Jan vanguard Check- Italian Renaissance, Oil-based Paintings very realistic Writers Machiavelli- Wrote The Prince which said a prince must be unattackable as a lion and penetrative as a fox, he readiness have to trick his enemys and even his own people for the good of the state, he was not head acheed with the morally right but with the politically effective Castigation-published The Courtier with the help of Aviators cologne Sir Thomas Moore- Christian Humanists, he was concerned with societys flaws, wrote Utopia about an imaginary land inhabit by a peace-loving people.In Greek Utopia meaner no place but in English it has come to mean ensample place because of Mores book Vocal Perspective- AD art Vernacular- Native language Anglican- Anglican Church= only legal Church of England Elizabeth was head of Church Presbyterian-Followers of John Knox he was a preacher from Scotland whom spread the teaching of John Calvin and made Calvinist Scotland semiofficial religion Catholic reclamation- Helping Catholics remain loyal to the church Questions The Renaissance began in Italy because of thriving cities, a wealthy merchant class, and the classical heritage of Greece and Rome. England lagged behind because of the bubonic plague and the 100 years war.A perfect Renaissance Man- Charming, witty, well-educated, Dance, sing, p go under music, write poetry, skilled rider, wrestler, swordsman, self-controlled northern vs.. Southern Renaissance Art blue Focused only on Religion about landscapes and the lifestyles of people Southern more temporal Greek and Roman mythologies, about gods and goddesses Catholic Reformation took steps like having the Society of Jesus, Jesuits, and the Council of Trend to address the Protestant Reformation 4 movements that made up the Reformation . 3. 4. What changes did this bring to Europe? Of forbid boo ks- Institutes of Christian Religion- Index Sarandon- Patriarch- Velasquez- What city was the concentrate on of the Renaissance? Florence, Italy What type of art was the focus of the Renaissance?Realism (sometimes using biblical scenes) The merchant family named Renaissance. Medici was important at the beginning of the Who led the split away from the Catholic Church in England? Henry eight Why did England split from the church? The King wanted a male heir so he needed to divorce his wife What country did the Protestant reformation start in? Germany (Martin Luther in Wattenberg) How was the effect press crucial to Martin Luther? He could spread his imprints more efficiently This movement resulted from the Protestant Reformation. It was an attempt to change the Catholic Church to better meet the needs of its followers. Catholic Reformation 1 .Reasons that the Renaissance originated on the Italian peninsula include all of the following EXCEPT the peninsulas A. Geographic location B. political organization C. Religion D. Social mental synthesis E. Economic structure 2. Which of the following is not a Renaissance value? A. bid of quaint languages B. Derogate of the arts C. scholarly achievement D. Proficiency in the war machine arts E. Civic duty 3. Renaissance humanism A. Devalued mastery of ancient languages B. Urged the development of a single giving to perfection C. Valued ancient philosophers as the final authorities on all matters D. Denied the existence of God E. Valued encyclopaedism for its own sake and for the glory it brought the city-state 4.The belief that by cultivating the finest qualities of their beings, human beings could commune with God was a conclusion of A. Guileless B. Manipulations C. The lay piety movement D. The Catholic Church in Renaissance Italy E. The doge 5. Which of the following was non a factor that contributed to the Renaissance dainty achievement? A. The patronage of the pope B. The usurpation of Italy by the French C. The competitive spirit of competing elites D. The apprentice system E. The lack of insularism between artistic and commercial aspects of the Renaissance art world 6. Which of the following did non enable the spread of the Renaissance? A. The pact of Load B.Manilas invitation to Charles VIII to bring serviceman to Italy C. The printing press D. Students and teachers migrating in and out of the Italian peninsula E. The lay piety pavage 7. Renaissance art A. Was characterized by the repellent specialization of its artists B. Was characterized by religious subject matter C. Abandoned painting in favor of sculpture D. Was characterized by its concern for the human form E. Did not aim patrons 8. Northern humanism A. Was less secular than Italian humanism B. Linked experience and learning with religious piety C. Criticized the thought that priests were required to understand the Bible D. Contributed to the Reformation E. All of the above 1 .